New Jersey




New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania; and on the southwest by Delaware Bay and the State of Delaware. New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous, with 8,882,190 residents as of 2019 and an area of 8,722.58 square miles, making it the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states. Its largest city is Newark. All but one county in New Jersey lie within the combined statistical areas of New York City or Philadelphia. New Jersey was the second-wealthiest U.S. state by median household income as of 2017.

New Jersey was first inhabited by Native Americans for at least 2,800 years, with the Lenape being the dominant group by the time Europeans arrived in the early 17th century. The Dutch and the Swedes founded the first European settlements in the state. The English later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey after the largest of the Channel Islands, Jersey, and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. New Jersey was the site of several important battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.

In the 19th century, factories in the "Big Six" cities of Camden, Paterson, Newark, Trenton, Jersey City, and Elizabeth helped drive the Industrial Revolution. New Jersey's location at the center of the Northeast megalopolis—between Boston and New York City to the northeast, and Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C., to the southwest—fueled its rapid growth and suburbanization in the second half of the 20th century. At the turn of the 21st century, the state's culturally diverse populace began reverting toward more urban settings within the state, with towns home to commuter rail stations outpacing the population growth of more automobile-oriented suburbs since 2008.

As of 2020, New Jersey was home to the highest number of millionaires per capita of all U.S. states, with 9.76% of households (more than 323,000 of 3.3 million statewide) meeting the criteria. New Jersey's public school system consistently ranks at or among the top of all fifty U.S. states.

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Economy

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The U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis estimates that New Jersey's gross state product in the fourth quarter of 2018 was $639.8 billion. New Jersey's estimated taxpayer burden in 2015 was $59,400 per taxpayer. New Jersey is nearly $239 billion in debt. Affluence New Jersey's per capita gross state product in 2008 was $54,699, second in the U.S. and above the national per capita gross domestic product of $46,588. Its per capita income was the third highest in the nation with $51,358. In 2020, New Jersey had the highest number of millionaires per capita in the United States, approximately 9.76% of households. The state is ranked second in the nation by the number of places with per capita incomes above national average with 76.4%. Nine of New Jersey's counties are among the 100 wealthiest U.S. counties. Fiscal policy New Jersey has seven tax brackets that determine state income tax rates, which range from 1.4% (for income below $20,000) to 8.97% (for income above $500,000).
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Demographics

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Historical population Census Pop. %± 1790 184,139 — 1800 211,149 14.7% 1810 245,562 16.3% 1820 277,575 13.0% 1830 320,823 15.6% 1840 373,306 16.4% 1850 489,555 31.1% 1860 672,035 37.3% 1870 906,096 34.8% 1880 1,131,116 24.8% 1890 1,444,933 27.7% 1900 1,883,669 30.4% 1910 2,537,167 34.7% 1920 3,155,900 24.4% 1930 4,041,334 28.1% 1940 4,160,165 2.9% 1950 4,835,329 16.2% 1960 6,066,782 25.5% 1970 7,168,164 18.2% 1980 7,364,823 2.7% 1990 7,730,188 5.0% 2000 8,414,350 8.9% 2010 8,791,894 4.5% 2019 (est.) 8,882,190 1.0% Source: 1910–2010 2019 Estimate State population The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of New Jersey was 8,882,190 on July 1, 2019, a 1.03% increase since the 2010 United States Census. Residents of New Jersey are most commonly referred to as "New Jerseyans" or, less commonly, as "New Jerseyites". As of the 2010 census, there were 8,791,894 people living in the state. The racial makeup of the state was: 68.6% White American
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Sports

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New Jersey currently has six teams from major professional sports leagues playing in the state, although one Major League Soccer team and two National Football League teams identify themselves as being from the New York metropolitan area. Professional sports The National Hockey League's New Jersey Devils, based in Newark at the Prudential Center, is the only major league sports franchise to bear the state's name. Founded in 1974 in Kansas City, Missouri, as the Kansas City Scouts, the team played in Denver, Colorado, as the Colorado Rockies from 1976 until the spring of 1982 when naval architect, businessman, and Jersey City native John J. McMullen purchased, renamed, and moved the franchise to Brendan Byrne Arena in East Rutherford's Meadowlands Sports Complex. While the team had mostly losing records in Kansas City, Denver, and its first years in New Jersey, the Devils began to improve in the late 1980s and early 1990s under Hall of Fame president and general manager Lou
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